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Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225 - March 7th, 1274) is one of the most celebrated theologians and philosophers of the medieval era. He is most famous for his work ‘Summa Theologica’, which is one of the most influential works of Christian theology. He is also known for his contribution to the development of natural law and moral realism. He is the patron saint of universities and schools, and is often referred to as the ‘Angelic Doctor’.
Saint Thomas Aquinas was born in Roccasecca, Italy, in 1225 to a noble family. From a young age, he was educated by the Benedictines and then sent to the University of Naples. Here, he developed an interest in the works of Aristotle and began to study philosophy. His family then sent him to the prestigious University of Paris, where he furthered his studies of philosophy and theology. Aquinas joined the Dominican Order in 1244 and was ordained in 1250. He spent much of his time travelling and teaching, before settling in Paris in 1256. Here, he began working on his most famous work, ‘Summa Theologica’, which was finished in 1265. In 1272, Aquinas experienced a mystical vision that changed his theological views, leading to the writing of his later works.
Aquinas was an advocate for natural law, which is the idea that certain laws are innate in nature, and should be followed by all people. He also believed in moral realism, which is the idea that moral values are absolute and not relative. He is one of the most influential theologians in history and his works have been studied and discussed by scholars for centuries. He also had an influence on many of the great minds of his time, including Albert the Great and Dante Alighieri.
Saint Thomas Aquinas is known for his ‘Five Ways’ argument, which is an argument for the existence of God. He was also the first theologian to use the philosophical method of synthesis, which is the combining of different ideas to form a new one. He was a talented musician and wrote several hymns and chants. He was also a prolific author, writing over 50 works during his lifetime.
Saint Thomas Aquinas died on March 7th, 1274 and was canonized on July 18th, 1323. His feast day is celebrated on January 28th.
In conclusion, Saint Thomas Aquinas is one of the most influential theologians and philosophers of all time, and his works continue to be studied and discussed by scholars today. His contributions to natural law and moral realism have had a lasting impact on modern philosophy.
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